Caroline Scheufele was born on 14 December 1961 in Pforzheim, Germany, the daughter of Karl and Karin Scheufele, who ran the watch and jewellery company Eszeha. After her father bought Chopard in 1963 the family moved between Germany and Switzerland. She joined the business after her diploma, while taking classes in design and gemmology.
In 1985 she designed an articulated clown set with floating diamonds; her father put it into production, and it became Chopard's first piece of jewellery, launching the house into a field that now accounts for much of its business. In 1997 she redesigned the Palme d'Or for the Cannes Film Festival, beginning a partnership under which, since 1998, Chopard has made the trophy and sponsored the Trophée Chopard; for the festival's seventieth edition it made a Palme set with Fairmined diamonds.
She has been co-president of Chopard with her brother Karl-Friedrich since 2001, as well as artistic director, and is also in charge of international retail. Under her direction Chopard became one of the first houses to commit to responsibly sourced raw materials, using Fairmined-certified gold from 2013, and it has worked with Marion Cotillard on Green Carpet and Ice Cube capsule collections.